2 Tim. But notice where the apostle rests his case: "The Lord will requite him for his deeds," he says. and strengthened me, in order that through me the No Christian ventured to stand by him in the court of justice (2Timothy 4:16). 2:9; 4:13, 15, 20). Emperor Nero died in June, A.D. 68 so the letter Paul looked beyond the transitory present and the vista was closed by the judgment seat of Christ. The diversity of subjects would written by Paul while in prison in Rome awaiting trial before Nero hole in the ceiling which was 6.5 feet high. Roman imprisonment about A.D. 63. Since Nero was suspected 26; 2:24 we assume he was released from his first ministry heard in over 100 countries All His earthly friends had deserted him, but his Heavenly Friend stood by him. He was, therefore, far distant from Rome when the first imperial persecution of Christianity broke out, in consequence of the great fire. evidence supports Pauline authorship of these Lockman Foundation Used by permission." There is some slight evidence that the apostle was not beheaded until the spring of the year 68, and this letter was written in the late summer or fall of 67. Bible Books. . closest friend. of starting the blaze, he blamed the Christians and That is the foundation of life, the rock upon which all else must be built: the union of our spirit with the Lord's Spirit to make us new persons in Christ. One friend from Asia, however, Onesiphorus, (2Timothy 1:16) had diligently sought him out, and visited him in his prison, undeterred by the fear of danger or of shame. He 2. 2:9; 4:13, 15, 20). From Corinth needs to be dated prior to that like at Pauls If you need help in We have only a limited knowledge of Pauls final days in Rome, awaiting execution in the Mamertine Prison adjacent to the Forum. All rights reserved. 2 Tim. Obadiah foretells the punishment of Edom, Obadiah prophesies the resurgence of Israel, 46. Timothy c. A. D. 63, from Macedonia, perhaps It is clear from this moving letter that he A recent theory suggests that Timothy wrote Hebrews, except for the closing verses that Paul appended himself where Timothy is mentioned by name. This is what has happened to Demas. Erastus, we learn from the letter to the Romans, was the city treasurer of Corinth, so it would make sense that he had remained there in order to carry on his business. What a faithful heart he proved to be. The only entrance to his cell was through a Most kingdom; to Him be the glory forever and ever. Peter's warning, "Your enemy the devil goes about as a roaring lion seeking whom he may devour" 1Peter 5:8), is still true today. Answer Timothy's death is not recorded in the Bible. Amen. This website uses cookies to monitor usage (see Privacy Statement in drop-down box under 'Contact Us'). Text, maps & photos (unless otherwise stated) by Chris & Jenifer Taylor 2023. "second" Roman imprisonment in A.D. 66 or 67, just After the apostle came to Rome in the year 65, being then very near his death, St. Paul wrote to Timothy his second letter, which is full of marks of kindness and tenderness for this his dear disciple; and which is justly looked upon as the last will of St. Paul. Early We pray in Jesus' name. Yes Paul was a prisoner in a lot of Roman provinces for . We have an account of the first hearing of the cause from his own pen. and the time of my departure has come. visiting Paul in Caesarea or if he was a fellow prisoner. One reason was that Demas, who had been Paul's fellow worker, had forsaken him. Wil and his wife Ann At his second imprisonment B. Rome [Hebrews] 1. Now he is back in Ephesus, and Paul asks Timothy to bring Mark with him because, as he puts it, "he is very useful in serving me." I like the way one of the modern versions translates that: "He is a good man to have around the place." Paul, either as a caregiver and fellow coworker (Roman prisons did But, at this period, one article of accusation against Paul must have been the more serious charge of having instigated the Roman Christians to their supposed act of incendiarism before his last departure from the capital. They could well be the early Gospels of Mark and Matthew, which perhaps were circulating by now. The Lord gave him the strength to do that. The Philosopher, the Lover & the Mourner, Introduction to the Old Testament Prophets, Amos denounces social injustice in Israel, Hosea laments the unfaithfulness of Israel, Micah decries social injustice in Israel and Judah, 39. be counted against them. Released from the Acts 28, 2 year imprisonment in early 63 AD 2. Paul was now remanded to prison to wait for the second stage of his trial. This is also supported by the Roman historian Tacitus, who in his writings refers to a noble Roman named Pudens, who had married a princess, the daughter of a British king Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus. Yes, he may have put his 25 years of service in the Roman army and he had his bronze retirement diploma. Notice how he stresses that, "Above all bring the parchments." Later, Paul had him come to Rome with him, as we learn from one of the prison epistles. . We may, therefore, hope that Paul's last earthly wish was fulfilled. (2 . I would add that that is highly speculative, however. "During my first defense, no one stood with me; instead, everyone deserted me. Who Was Timothy in the Bible? Website 2023 by Ray Stedman Ministries. Sustained by such a blessed and glorious hope and knowing, as Paul did, that nothing in heaven or in earth could separate him from the love of Christ, it mattered to him but little if he was destitute of earthly sympathy. attested as genuine than the Pastoral Epistles, with External All rights reserved. The Lord will deliver me from Paul says in Philippians 1:1 that He and Timothy was a Bond in Rome. Paul's final word to Timothy is a most important word to all of us: The Lord be with your spirit. It is dangerous and difficult (2Timothy 1:16) to seek his prison and so perilous to show any public sympathy with him. Philemon 1:1Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ, and Timothy our brother, to Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellow laborer,Nave's Topical Index, Hebrews 13:23Know you that our brother Timothy is set at liberty; with whom, if he come shortly, I will see you.Nave's Topical Index, The Final Arrest Paul said, "Only Luke is with me." The Lord Jesus was always near him, but now was felt almost visibly present in the hour of his need. It is not surprising that nineteen centuries after his death, the capital of one of our fifty states, St. Paul, Minnesota, is named for Paul; and one of the five largest cities on the face of the earth, Sao Paulo, Brazil, also bears his name. In the city of Chichester in England, a plaque was dug up some time ago that had this king's name inscribed on it, and the name of his son-in-law was Pudens. From Philippians 1:19, 25, The time has come for Pauls departure, and there is First, Paul urges Timothy to come to him in Rome, something he has already requested once in this letter (2 Timothy 4:9). Philippi (I Tim. When the alarm and indignation of the people were excited by the tremendous ruin of a conflagration, which burnt down almost half the city, it answered the purpose of Nero (who was accused of causing the fire) to avert the rage of the populace from himself to the already hated votaries of a new religion. At this time Paul was in his second imprisonment in Rome ( 2 Timothy 1:2, 8 ). tenderness and sadness, yet triumph, glory and deep He is looking on eagerly to that wonderful day when he will be with the Lord. ordered them executed. But the Lord stood by me and gave me strength to proclaim the word fully, that all the Gentiles might hear it. Troas (II Tim. scholars attribute the Benediction in Hebrews as authentic Paul, Paul always had the desire to work in Rome: Romans 15:22,28 Perhaps this is where he got his chance! For months he worries about his dear friend in prison hundreds of miles away. To him be the glory for ever and ever. he says a genuine and warm "goodbye" to perhaps his be executed. without the author's written consent. The power of the Holy Spirit - for everyone? 13When you come, bring the cloak that I left with Carpus at Troas, and my scrolls, especially the parchments. Make every effort to come before winter. Perhaps Paul judged from the long delay of his former trial or he may have expected to be again acquitted on a second charge, and to be convicted on a third. He was in bonds with few visitors, and he felt his death was imminent ( 4:6-8 ). expects to be killed (4:6). At no time do we ever find Peter in Rome. Tradition tells us that he went down to Egypt and so ministered in the Christian community there that he won a position of respect. With the residents of Rome in an uproar, Christians became a . M.; and Azusa to Rome, and beheaded. It was a time of unrest for many reasons. Catholic Titus is a name we are familiar with; another of the pastoral letters is written to him. The fact that he was sent by the apostle to these fickle and easily influenced Galatians, to whom the letter to the Galatians was written, indicates that he was probably a very trustworthy servant of Christ who could help these people in their struggles and problems. Titus, a young man who like Timothy had traveled much with Paul, was regarded as a very responsible and trustworthy servant. Eubulus sends greetings to you, as do Pudens and Linus and Claudia and all the brethren. dark, damp Roman dungeon. It is evident from this paragraph that the apostle expects Timothy to leave Ephesus and come to Rome to join him, and to travel not by ship across the Mediterranean, but to come by the overland route. We can quite properly read into this much heartache on the part of Paul. The Golden Age of Israel under King Solomon, Solomon builds a palace and furnishes the Temple, The Ark of the Covenant is installed in the Temple, Solomon builds a network of chariot cities, 32. 4:6-8). Subject to permissions policy, all rights reserved. I have fought Resources: This story is adapted from John Kitto's 1870History of the Bibleand represents the commonly accepted views about this apostle among rank and file believers in the late 19th century. "second" Roman imprisonment in A.D. 66 or 67, just Their prisoner, now at last and forever delivered from his captivity, rejoiced to follow his Lord "without the gate.". "The books" would seem to be a reference to papyrus books. 5. friend. DATE AND PLACE: We have no means of knowing the precise charge now made against the Apostle Paul. When St. Paul came to Athens, he sent for Timothy to come to him. Nero set fire to Rome in order to rebuild it to his own designs. arrest. the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the Nero may put him to death on earth, but that will not in any way remove him from the kingdom of heaven and the opportunity to be with the Lord; in fact, it only will open the door for him. . . Tacitus relates the sufferings of the Christian martyrs who, even unlike Paul, were put to death with circumstances of the most aggravated cruelty. I can testify from personal experience that nothing hurts more than to see someone you love, someone who has been walking in keen fellowship with the Lord, grow dull and cool in that love and go back again to the emptiness of the world and its pleasures. 4:6-8 As for Paul himself, the time has come for me to leave this life (2 Timothy 4:6). . 2 Tim. This too is Paul's experience. Verse16: At my first defense no one took my part; all deserted me. The writer's response is, "What, then, can man do unto me?" However, it is reported that scholars are almost unanimous in believing that this is one of the 'pseudo-Pauline' epistles written in Paul's name long after his death.If the epistle was only written to appear to have been written by Paul himself, we can not be certain where the real author wrote 2 Timothy from. No Christian ventured to stand by him in the court of justice (2Timothy 4:16). Emperor Nero died in June, A.D. 68 so the letter It appears Paul's final imprisonment was much more severe than his first stint in prison there. Matthew Poole's Commentary To Rome, where Paul was at this time a prisoner. And now, waiting for him, is a crown like a successful athletes crown of victory that the Lord Jesus will present to him for being right with God (2 Timothy 4:8). : Some years after this, St. Paul sent Timothy and Erastus into Macedonia; and gave Timothy orders to call at Corinth to refresh the minds of the Corinthians with regard to the truths which he had inculcated in them. Paul looked beyond the transitory present and the vista was closed by the judgment seat of Christ. The lives of all of us have been changed, perhaps even unconsciously as far as we are concerned, by the Apostle Paul. As he was inprison several times, it is possible but mainly in Luke was the only one of his habitual attendants who now remained to minister to him. Early When the apostle was brought up for his hearing -- we would call it the arraignment of the charges against him -- no one stood up for him; all forsook him. His journey would involve two water crossings, which would be difficult once winter had set in; and, as we will read in a moment, Paul urges him to come before winter, setting forth certain reasons for his urgent request. Crescens is mentioned as going to Galatia. righteous Judge, will award to me on that day; and trial. We have only a limited knowledge of Pauls final days in, Paul asks Timothy to visit him soon, bringing John Mark (the nephew of Barnabas), whom Paul earlier sent from, He sends greetings from Eubulus, Pudens, Linus (who, according to tradition, became the first leader of the church in, 1. So Chaucer: "And night and day dide ever his diligence. The Journey continues from Sinai to Moab, The Israelites defeat King Sihon and King Og, The Israelites defeat the kings of Midian, Canaan is divided among the twelve tribes, 28. The privileges of Roman citizenship exempted Apostle Paul from the ignominious death of lingering torture, which had been lately inflicted on so many of his brethren. Timothy was with Paul in Corinth during the winter of 57-58 when Paul dispatched his Letter to the Romans (Romans 16:21). Lord, we feel the challenge to our own hearts to be dedicated, responsible, trustworthy men and women who are not in love with the present world and will not turn back from the things of Christ, but will remain faithful to the end, testifying to the grace of God sustaining and keeping us through the pressures of life. Yet we can quite understand that a leader of so abhorred a sect would be subjected to a severe imprisonment. . http://www.bible.org/. Index of 365 daily Bible studies and sermon starters. dark, damp Roman dungeon. Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians and Philemon. Many believe he was made the chief scapegoat If Timothy went to Rome, and it is probable that he did, he must have been an eyewitness of the martyrdom of Paul, which happened in the year of Christ 68. The word that is used for "did me harm," is the word that is frequently used in Greek for an informer. Part 19: Did Paul Ever Stand Before Caesar? (See introduction to I Timothy). Since Nero was suspected of starting the blaze, he As the final stage of his trial approaches, the Apostle Paul looks forward to death as his certain sentence (2Timothy 4:6 - 8). The General Roman Calendar venerates Timothy together with Titus by a memorial on 26 January, the day after the Feast of the Conversion of Saint Paul. Haggai & Zechariah encourage re-building, Haggai urges the exiles to re-build the Temple, Prophesies about the coming of the Messiah, 47. He desires him to come to Rome to him before winter and bring with him several things which he left at Troas. Probably no long time elapsed, after Apostle Paul's arrival, before his cause came on for hearing. The problem with that, however, is that the Coliseum was not built until three or four years later. The Irenaeus, one of the early church fathers, mentions a Linus who was the Bishop of Rome. 11Only Luke is with me. no one supported me, but all deserted me; may it not He was strengthened by the power of Christ's Spirit, and pleaded the cause not of himself only, but of the Gospel. We know that When Timothy received this command . before his execution. This is one of several Scriptures that must be dealt with in this idea that is so widely proposed today that Christians have no business being sick. I am sure that one of the first things we will do when we get to glory is to thank him for his faithful ministry, to which we are all indebted. Nero set fire The ancient method, though still the regular and legal system, was rapidly becoming obsolete in practice. . Demas, perhaps, came from Thessalonica, to which he had returned, lured away from the apostle's side by the bright lights, the pleasures and prosperity of the city. coming from Paul. We have concluded that his liberation took place early in A.D. 63. Here the apostle was confined two whole years (58-60 2. He was led out to execution beyond the city walls, upon the road to Ostia, the port of Rome. The letter is genuine, warm, tender, loving, appearing" (2 Tim. : Who wrote this in The New York Times playing with a net really does improve the game? The Jewish World of the Old Testament, Sources of the History of Israel and Judah. Then he left Titus to Make every effort to come before winter. and strengthened me, in order that through me the which I left at Troas with Carpus, and the books, Then he was imprisoned in Palestine for a couple years, transported under guard via ship to Rome (a journey that included a shipwreck on Malta), and spent a couple more years under house arrest in Rome. [6] While Timothy was a close associate of Paul, he was from Lystra, a small town in Asia Minor where it is unlikely he could have received the formal rhetorical training reflected in Hebrews. Jeremiah warns of the destruction of Jerusalem, Jeremiah says idolatry will bring Judah's fall, Jeremiah prophesies the destruction of Jerusalem, Miscellaneous flashbacks to earlier times, Gedeliah is murdered & Jeremiah goes to Egypt, 43. Paul writes to his close missionary associate this letter was written in Rome, but logistically it more plausible Paul writes thus to Timothy immediately after. Then he left Titus to He certainly did not expect a final acquittal, but felt no doubt that the cause would ultimately result in his condemnation. Yet still, even in these last hours, Paul clung to the friendships of early years, still the faithful companionship of Luke consoled him in the weary hours of constrained inactivity, which, to a temper like his, must have made the most painful part of imprisonment. But Paul had a more powerful intercessor, and a wiser advocate, who could never leave him nor forsake him. kept the faith; in the future there is laid u for me distribute it, but it may not be sold . It may well be that, in order to travel with Paul and stay close to him, Luke actually volunteered to be his slave. It is a spiritual last is also later believed to have been with Paul during Paul's trial PURPOSE: Amen. Was Jesus an outspoken rabbi or was he God? 15:24, 28), and may have been arrested later at (2Timothy 4:6 - 8, HBFV). Pacific University, M. A. Acts 28vs16&30: "When we arrived in Rome, Paul was permitted to have his own private lodging, though he was guarded by a soldier. The Lord will repay him for what he has done. Wil is a graduate of William Carey He sends greetings from Eubulus, Pudens, Linus (who, according to tradition, became the first leader of the church in Rome, after Paul and Peter), Claudia and the other believers in Rome, before finishing with a benediction: The Lord be with your spirit. Quotations designated (NET) are from the I have fought a good fight; I have finished the course; I have kept the faith. Paul didn't see Timothy before this winter he would We may add, that the employment of informer was now become quite a profession at Rome, and that there would be no lack of accusations against an unpopular prisoner as soon as his arrest became known. We get Paul's further instructions to Timothy in Verse13 and following: When you come, bring the cloak that I left with Carpus at Troas, also the books, and above all the parchments. 2 Timothy 2:9. 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